Seismic Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Buildings in High-Risk Zones

Abstract

Reinforced concrete buildings constructed in high seismic-risk zones require careful analysis and detailing to withstand earthquake-induced forces and deformations. Seismic performance depends on site conditions, structural configuration, mass and stiffness distribution, lateral load-resisting systems, ductility, and quality of construction. This paper examines the principal considerations involved in seismic analysis of reinforced concrete buildings, including seismic hazard assessment, structural modelling, dynamic characteristics, response spectrum analysis, storey drift, torsion, ductile detailing, foundation behaviour, and performance-based approaches. The discussion emphasizes the importance of regular structural configuration, appropriate code-based analysis, capacity design, and construction quality in reducing earthquake-related structural damage.