Comparative Study of RCC and Steel Structures for Multi-Storey Buildings

Abstract

Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) and structural steel are two widely used structural systems for multi-storey buildings. Each material offers distinct advantages in terms of strength, stiffness, weight, construction speed, durability, fire performance, flexibility, and cost. The selection between RCC and steel depends on building height, span requirements, site conditions, construction technology, material availability, labour, environmental exposure, and project objectives. This paper presents a comparative assessment of RCC and steel structures for multi-storey buildings. It examines material characteristics, structural behaviour, load resistance, seismic response, construction practices, durability, fire resistance, environmental considerations, maintenance, and economic factors. The study emphasizes that material selection should be based on a holistic evaluation rather than a single cost or strength criterion.